Ph.D. in Nursing Programs

Many nurses, after working at the bedside, seek different ways to utilize their knowledge and clinical skills. Some prefer to advance their career and become nurse practitioners and earn either an MSN or DNP. However, some nurses hope to take their knowledge and apply it towards something a bit different than a clinical focus - research and education. Ph.D. prepared nursing helps address critical issues in healthcare and even helps shape policies and legislation.

Nursing knowledge in healthcare and research is essential. Nurses provide a unique perspective and use a patient-centered approach to various issues in healthcare. This perspective helps to benefit both patients and organizations, and improves care outcomes. Since many who choose the Ph.D. in nursing pathway do so to become educators, this degree type paves the way to shape the next generation of nurses.

Which Ph.D. in Nursing Program is Right for Me?

Selecting a Ph.D. program can be challenging. Each nurse has individual work and family demands, so the school needs to fit into the nurse's busy life. There are a few considerations nurses should take into account when looking for a Ph.D. program:

• Online Learning vs. Classroom Learning- Selecting an online program vs. an on-campus program is a personal choice. While some prefer the convenience and flexibility of online learning, some enjoy face-to-face, interactive learning, along with peer support. Some programs are 100% online, and some require minimal campus visits (often referred to as "hybrid" programs). Whichever the learning method, nurses should choose the one right for them.
• Accreditation- National accreditation is critical when selecting a Ph.D. program. Proper accreditation ensures the school meets strict quality standards and allows the nurse to pursue future degree options. Also, nursing boards in some states require national (as opposed to local) accreditation for licensure. Students should look for accreditation by the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) or the Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing (ACEN) when researching schools.
• Program History- Some nursing programs, including online programs, are popping up left and right. Students should be cautious and do their research when looking at Ph.D. programs. Schools that have been around a long time tend to be more reputable, and they also likely have enough data (for example, graduation rates) that the student can use to measure the program's success.
• Program Cost- Cost is a significant factor when deciding to return to school. Most websites are transparent with the tuition cost and associated expenses, so there won't be any surprises. Many schools offer financial aid options as well as the choice to attend part-time. However, students should also prepare for additional expenses such as immunization requirements, technology equipment requirements, supplies, parking fees, and graduation or university fees.
• Residency/Internship Requirements- Studying course material is one part of Ph.D. programs, but nurses must also apply what they've learned to real-life. Nurses should make sure that whichever program they choose, they are able to meet the practicum requirements. Ensuring they have resources and mentors in the community and surrounding organizations is crucial to the student's success.

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On-Campus vs. Online PhD in Nursing Programs

As stated earlier, choosing an online program vs. an on-campus depends on the needs of the student. Below are some advantages of both online and on-campus programs:

Online Ph.D. Nursing Program Advantages

• Flexible schedule- Nurses can work around-the-clock. They may work weekends, holidays, swing shifts and graveyard shifts. For this reason, a school must be flexible. Online programs allow nurses to study course material when they can as well as learn at their own pace. They can submit assignments and correspond with instructors and peers electronically, not having to wait until class or the instructor's office hours.
• Tuition and Costs- An advantage of online Ph.D. programs is cost. In some cases, students may select a school which is based outside their state. Schools sometimes don't charge different tuition rates for out-of-state students in their online programs, which is a significant cost-saver and allows more education options. Students are encouraged to research this thoroughly, however.
• Accessibility and Convenience- As stated earlier, online programs are far more flexible than campus programs. At the touch of a button, students can access learning materials, peers, instructors, and online learning modules. They can study in the middle of the night, on holidays, weekends, or whenever it's convenient. They are not limited to certain hours of certain days. Plus, they don't need to waste time commuting, parking, and walking to class.
• Fast Completion- Many online programs boast rapid completion. While students need to be wary of schools that advertise this (specific curricula must be completed), some legitimate online programs do allow students to finish faster than traditional, campus programs. This is because students can study at their own pace. If eager to start out in their new role, online learning might be the way to go.

On-Campus Ph.D. in Nursing Program Advantages

While more and more online nursing programs are popping up, some students still prefer traditional campus learning. Some advantages of on-campus education include:

• The ability to interact face-to-face with peers and instructors
• Not having to worry about technology issues
• Not needing to spend extra money on electronic or technological supplies
• Accreditation is usually not a concern

Admission Requirements

While admission requirements for a Ph.D. in nursing program may vary between schools, prospective students may be required to:

• Hold a current, unencumbered RN/APRN license
• Hold a BSN or MSN from an accredited university (some schools allow admission for BSN nurses)
• Have completed a specific number of clinical hours
• Provide transcripts from all schools attended
• Have a GPA of 3.5 or higher (specific GPA requirements may vary between schools)
• Submit a written goal statement to include research career goals
• Interview with faculty

Ph.D. in Nursing Course Topics

Since the Ph.D. in nursing is more research and education-focused, the course topics differ from that of a more clinically-focused degree program (such as the DNP). Course topics may include:

• Qualitative and quantitative research
• Scientific inquiry
• Synthesis and application of nursing knowledge
• Research development
• Statistics
• Chronic illness and care systems

Program Length

The Ph.D. program can take around two and a half to three years to complete depending on if the nurse starts from a BSN or MSN. The first year is reserved for core courses, while the following year focuses on electives specific to the student's goals. Students are also required to complete a dissertation as well as a teaching practicum.

Which Nursing Careers Require a Ph.D.?

While some nurses choose to earn a Ph.D. to fulfill their educational goal, sometimes it is a requirement for certain positions. Examples include:

• Nurse educator or instructor
• Nurse or hospital administrator
• Research facilities
• Government and public health nursing roles

Organizations/Helpful Resources

• The Professional Nurse Educators Group
• Association for Nursing Professional Development
• American Association of Colleges of Nursing

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